Release 2026-10-03

Name: US Data Center Directory, release 2026-10-03
Creator: Malachi.Energy
Published: 2026-10-02

Latest

Dataset version 2026-10-03 · Snapshot 2026-10-02 · Method v4 · Files never change

Maintained and reviewed by Malachi Rein, LEED AP BD+C · /data-centers/releases/latest/ points here

Frozen release 2026-10-03 of the Malachi.Energy US Data Center Directory: 56 tracked mega projects (106,200 MW planned), 1,771 OSM-verified facilities across 48 jurisdictions, and state estimates reconciled to 5,274. Files with SHA-256 checksums, data dictionary, method version 4, and changelog.

Files

Files in release 2026-10-03 with size, row count, license, and SHA-256
File	Rows	Size	License	SHA-256
mega-projects.csv Tracked US data center mega projects with the basis and confidence of every figure. One row per project, sorted by planned capacity.	56	21 KB	Attribution	61fa0ecafdad64f7b7d488a75019220c011211ad947024ece4d55d5ec10e8938
mega-projects.json The same projects as mega-projects.csv in camelCase, with the project description, the source as an object, national totals split by basis, and the basis dictionary inline.		64 KB	Attribution	771a04ec6ade61d6510ca3c2cd99286dc7d0fed0a7ec6a8162bddd050deeb12f
states.csv Verified and estimated facility counts plus mega project totals for every covered jurisdiction, sorted by verified count.	48	5 KB	Attribution	2ccd9ba3cb08de27f19c25cf308e28a4ea05b950dcf16f639125d82487a4ab3e
facilities.csv Every OSM-verified facility in the directory, all jurisdictions in one file. The live site serves this layer per state at /data-centers/<state>/facilities.csv.	1,771	289 KB	ODbL 1.0	ed7c90ced10c7be66cbfffd82524c99f91d64322a88be149cd13cb0820cacd59
README.md Human-readable description of this release: counts, files, data dictionary, method, changes, citation.		12 KB		f60001ac1fd0289ee43356fd6af689fd21b7f2a29e5335e947333b95f3ab2f18
LICENSE.txt Which license covers which file.		2 KB		1ea0a5940ff135a6290a9f60d81edd365dff15a8bfad9e79d1d4bc9c4f5b33fc
CITATION.bib BibTeX entry for this release.		1 KB		b47b12f2f665d68b8e7bba8dc33c027ce8d59d726d8949a30366b3fbe5b816d3
manifest.json and checksums.sha256 describe the files above; they are not hashed themselves.

Verify a download from the release directory:

curl -sO https://malachi.energy/data-centers/releases/2026-10-03/{mega-projects.csv,mega-projects.json,states.csv,facilities.csv,README.md,LICENSE.txt,CITATION.bib,checksums.sha256}
sha256sum -c checksums.sha256

Cite this release

Rein, Malachi (2026). US Data Center Directory, dataset version 2026-10-03. Malachi.Energy. https://malachi.energy/data-centers/releases/2026-10-03

@misc{malachienergy_data_centers_2026_10_03,
  author = {Rein, Malachi},
  title = {US Data Center Directory},
  howpublished = {Malachi.Energy},
  year = {2026},
  version = {2026-10-03},
  note = {Dataset version 2026-10-03. Facility layer ODbL 1.0 (OpenStreetMap contributors); compilation free with attribution.},
  url = {https://malachi.energy/data-centers/releases/2026-10-03}
}

Same entry as CITATION.bib in the release directory. Cite the release URL, not the hub, when the numbers must not move.

Changes in this version

Corrected figures and primary sources for the mega projects held from the 2026-10-02 release, the SpaceXAI cluster counted once, and two projects added.

Project Tembo (Google, Laramie County): investment $50B to $17B, as Google presented the campus to Laramie County in September 2026 (Wyoming Tribune Eagle, 2026-09-10), and status under construction to announced, since site work starts late in 2026. Google has not restated a capacity, so the Crusoe-era 1.8 GW is now marked as a Malachi.Energy estimate, with low confidence.
Nexus Hubbard (Anthropic): status announced to under construction, and investment $15B to $16B, the full first-phase project finance package at final investment decision (W.Media, 2026-08-20). The $15B was the bank debt within it. The figure is financing, so it stays press reported.
Galaxy Digital Helios: capacity 1,630 MW to 800 MW and investment $1.4B to $1.7B, per Galaxy’s SEC 8-K of 2025-10-21. $1.7B is the Phase I build cost ($1.4B was the debt facility that funds it) and 800 MW is the approved power CoreWeave has committed to. The further 830 MW ERCOT approved in January 2026 has no tenant and is noted in the description.
AVAIO Digital Leo: capacity 1,070 MW to 1,000 MW and first capacity 2027 to 2028. The $21B full-development investment now cites the Arkansas Economic Development Commission release of 2026-01-12, which states both figures, instead of AVAIO’s own page, which states 1,070 MW but not the $21B.
Project Bunkhouse (Digital Realty): capacity 1,830 MW to 1,300 MW and investment $19B to $18B, per Bartow County’s August 2026 policy statement, replacing an undated aggregator source. Capacity basis is now a government filing, investment basis developer-stated campus cost, and confidence low to medium.
AWS New Carlisle: capacity 2,200 MW to 2,250 MW to match the source’s 2.25 GW. The $11B investment stays: AWS’s July 2026 statement that it has already invested $13.8B gives no capacity, so it is noted in the description.
SpaceXAI Colossus (Memphis) and MACROHARDRR (Southaven): both listed the full 2 GW cluster, so it was counted twice. Each now carries its own site: Colossus 2,000 MW to 1,500 MW (Colossus 1 about 500 MW plus Colossus 2 about 1 GW, Introl, 2026-01-03), with confidence medium to low because its $18B is the reported GPU cost, not construction; MACROHARDRR 2,000 MW to 250 MW of IT compute and status under construction to operational, per Measured AI (2026-06-25), which also states the $20B Mississippi investment and replaces an aggregator source.
Novva Borealis: the source moves from an aggregator to Novva’s 2024-08-21 announcement, which states the 300 MW and $3B. Figures unchanged.
Project Camellia (OpenAI): figures unchanged at 3,200 MW, the Georgia Power contract, and $20B. The description adds the 3,210 MW peak load from Georgia’s regional impact review and the September 2026 site plan postponement.
Added TeraWulf Justified (Hawesville, KY), leased to Anthropic: 482 MW under a Kentucky PSC-approved power agreement and $4.0B, the low end of TeraWulf’s $4.0B to $4.5B first-phase estimate (TeraWulf, 2026-08-24).
Added Kingston Technology Hub (Thor Equities, Bartow County, GA), proposed: 150 MW and $1B (Coosa Valley News, 2026-09-08), placed at the Kingston city centroid until a site is published.
Transmission proximity was measured for the two added projects. The OpenStreetMap layer was not refreshed and no coordinate moved. Methodology version 4.

Full changelog Previous release 2026-10-02

Method version 4

Every OpenStreetMap facility carries an address basis: osm when the address is tagged in OpenStreetMap, address-point when it comes from a public-domain address point inside or beside the building outline (the USDOT National Address Database and public-domain county sources, via Overture Maps), campus when it is the address of an adjacent building on the same campus, and researched when it comes from an operator page or public record. Only public-domain, CC0, or PDDL address points are used, so they can enter the ODbL layer. No address is published without a hand review, and an OpenStreetMap tag always takes precedence. The mega project last_verified_at column now dates the last release in which every project was re-checked, instead of the dataset version. In effect since 2026-09-25.

The reconciliation table and investment split for the current live version are on the hub methodology block. README.md in the release directory carries the text as it stood at snapshot time.

Data dictionary

mega-projects.csv23 columns

Tracked US data center mega projects with the basis and confidence of every figure. One row per project, sorted by planned capacity.

id: Stable slug; also the last segment of the project page URL.
name: Campus or project name as the developer uses it.
developer: Company building or operating the campus.
location: City or county and state, as reported.
state: Two-letter USPS abbreviation.
capacity_mw: Planned power capacity in megawatts. Planned, not delivered.
capacity_basis: What the capacity figure rests on. One of: disclosed, filing, reported, estimated.
investment_usd_billions: Announced investment in USD billions.
investment_basis: What the investment figure measures. One of: campus-capex, first-phase-capex, bond-authorization, power-plant-capex, program-commitment, press-reported, analyst-estimate.
is_estimate: true when capacity is a Malachi.Energy estimate or investment is a third-party analyst estimate.
confidence: high when both figures come from the developer or a filing and the site has physical progress or firm contracts; medium when one figure is reported, estimated, or scoped differently than the campus; low when proposed without permits or capacity is an estimate.
included_in_aggregate: Whether the row counts toward the headline totals. Currently true for every project.
comparable_campus_investment: true when the investment basis is developer-stated campus or first-phase cost, the only bases that measure the same thing.
status: operational (first phase serves load), under-construction, announced, or proposed.
target_year: Developer-stated year for first or full operation. Empty when none is public.
lat: Latitude, WGS84. Precision varies by source; one-decimal values locate a county, not a site.
lon: Longitude, WGS84.
location_basis: How precisely the coordinate locates the campus. One of: site, address, city-centroid, county-centroid. Distance facts count only site and address rows.
source_label: Publisher of the primary public source for the two figures.
source_url: URL of that source.
source_date: Evidence date of the source, ISO, month precision allowed.
last_verified_at: Last release in which every project was re-checked against its source. Trails the dataset version when a release changes only another layer.
url: Project page on malachi.energy.

mega-projects.jsonJSON

The same projects as mega-projects.csv in camelCase, with the project description, the source as an object, national totals split by basis, and the basis dictionary inline.

states.csv10 columns

Verified and estimated facility counts plus mega project totals for every covered jurisdiction, sorted by verified count.

state: Jurisdiction name.
abbr: Two-letter USPS abbreviation.
osm_verified: Facilities tagged as data centers in OpenStreetMap with a mapped location in this jurisdiction.
estimated_total: Estimated facility count: Baxtel state count where Baxtel publishes one, otherwise osm_verified scaled so all jurisdictions sum to the Baxtel national total.
mega_project_count: Tracked mega projects in the jurisdiction.
mega_capacity_mw: Sum of planned capacity across those projects, megawatts.
mega_investment_usd_billions: Sum of announced investment across those projects, all bases mixed.
top_operator: Operator with the most OSM-verified facilities in the jurisdiction.
top_hub: City with the most OSM-verified facilities in the jurisdiction.
url: State page on malachi.energy.

facilities.csv14 columns

Every OSM-verified facility in the directory, all jurisdictions in one file. The live site serves this layer per state at /data-centers/<state>/facilities.csv.

name: Facility name from OpenStreetMap, empty when untagged.
operator: Operator from OpenStreetMap, empty when untagged.
city: City from the OSM address tags, or from the address source where an address_basis column says it is not osm.
state: Two-letter USPS abbreviation, assigned by point-in-polygon against Census boundaries.
address: Street address, empty when none is known. From the OSM tags unless an address_basis column says otherwise.
postcode: Postal code, empty when none is known.
lat: Latitude, WGS84. Centroid for building outlines.
lon: Longitude, WGS84.
website: Website when tagged.
osm_type: node, way, or relation.
osm_id: OpenStreetMap element id.
osm_url: Link to the element on openstreetmap.org.
address_basis: Where the address comes from. One of: osm, address-point, campus, researched. osm is tagged on the element; address-point is a public-domain address point at or near the building (USDOT National Address Database or a public-domain county source, via Overture Maps); campus is the address of an adjacent building on the same campus and can name a neighbour; researched comes from a public source. Every non-osm address was reviewed by hand. Empty when there is no address.
address_source: For non-osm addresses, the dataset release or URL the address comes from. Empty for osm and missing addresses.

Licenses

Two layers, two licenses. facilities.csv and the verified-count columns of states.csv derive from OpenStreetMap contributors and carry the Open Database License (ODbL) 1.0. The mega project files and the state estimates are Malachi.Energy’s compilation, mega project tally and state estimates, free for personal, educational, and editorial use with attribution to Malachi.Energy. The split is spelled out file by file in LICENSE.txt.

Release 2026-10-03, snapshot 2026-10-02. Facility data from OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL). Mega project data from public filings and announcements. Maintained by Malachi Rein for Malachi.Energy.